Why DMCC is Booming for Commodity Traders from China: 2026 Guide

Direct Answer / BLUF: The Dubai Multi Commodities Centre (DMCC) has attracted more than 1,000 Chinese enterprises because it functions as the premier commercial gateway along the $100+ billion China-UAE trade corridor. For DMCC Chinese commodity traders dealing in gold, precious stones, tea, and coffee, DMCC combines purpose-built physical infrastructure—including state-of-the-art bullion vaults, the DMCC Tea and Coffee Centres, and DGCX yuan-denominated futures contracts—with 100% foreign equity, 0% Corporate Tax under Qualifying Free Zone Person (QFZP) rules for qualifying commodity transactions, and direct cross-border RMB settlement channels via Chinese state banks in Dubai.

Free DMCC Jurisdiction & Commodity Assessment

Setting up a commodity trading entity requires aligning specific physical customs codes, goAML compliance mandates, and corporate tax classifications.

Estimate your DMCC licensing costs and evaluate your trading structure with our Mandarin-speaking setup advisors.

Calculate Your DMCC License Fees & Book a Consultation

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The China-UAE Trade Corridor: Why Dubai is Beijing's Global Commodity Hub

Bilateral trade across the China UAE trade corridor has surpassed $102 billion, establishing China as the UAE's largest global trading partner.

As China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) expands into its second phase, Dubai serves as the Western anchor connecting Chinese industrial producers and agricultural exporters to Europe, Africa, the Middle East, and Latin America.

China-UAE Commodity Trade Architecture
 ┌───────────────────────┐          ┌────────────────────────┐          ┌───────────────────────┐
 │   Mainland China      │ ───────> │      DMCC Dubai        │ ───────> │  Global Markets       │
 │  • SGE Gold Liquidity │  Cross-  │  • DGCX Yuan Futures   │ Physical │  • Middle East & GCC  │
 │  • Yunnan Coffee      │  Border  │  • World-Class Vaults  │  Bonded  │  • African Nations    │
 │  • Premium Teas       │   RMB    │  • Tea & Coffee Centre │ Re-Export│  • European Union     │
 │  • Gemstone Cutters   │  (CIPS)  │  • QFZP 0% Tax Status  │          │  • Central Asia       │
 └───────────────────────┘          └────────────────────────┘          └───────────────────────┘

Within this bilateral corridor, DMCC has recorded five consecutive years of double-digit expansion in Chinese firm registrations. Over 1,000 Chinese businesses now maintain licensed operations in DMCC, adding an average of more than two Chinese enterprises per week.

Chinese commodity firms—ranging from state-owned enterprises (SOEs) like Sinochem and COFCO to private bullion dealers, tea exporters, and gemstone syndicates—select DMCC for its unique combination of physical infrastructure, neutral international jurisdiction, and streamlined customs connectivity.

Learn how DMCC compares against other UAE free zones in our complete guide to Free Zone Setup.

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Commodity-Specific Physical Infrastructure: The 4 Strategic Pillars

General trading free zones only provide desk space and virtual trading licenses. In contrast, DMCC offers heavy, specialized physical logistics, assaying, climate control, and exchange clearing infrastructure.

DMCC Commodity Ecosystem Pillars
 ├── Precious Metals (Gold/Silver) ── DMCC Vault, DGCX Yuan Contracts, Dubai Good Delivery
 ├── Diamonds & Colored Gemstones ── Dubai Diamond Exchange, KPCS Office, GZDE & CGJE Pacts
 ├── Agricultural: Premium Tea ────── DMCC Tea Centre, 43,000 MT Re-Export, Custom Blending
 └── Agricultural: Yunnan Coffee ──── DMCC Coffee Centre, 20,000 MT Capacity, $100M Corridor

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1. Precious Metals: The Dubai-Shanghai Gold Trading Axis

China is the world's largest consumer and producer of gold. For institutional participants in Dubai gold trading China corridors, bullion houses frequently encounter capital controls and regulatory constraints when executing cross-border international trades.

DMCC resolves this bottleneck by integrating physical vaulting with international futures clearing:

• World-Class Bullion Vaults: Situated beneath Almas Tower and in dedicated secure facilities, DMCC houses one of the world's largest high-security bullion vaults, managed in partnership with global security carriers including Brink's and Transguard.
• DGCX Shanghai Gold Futures: The Dubai Gold and Commodities Exchange (DGCX) lists Shanghai Gold Futures contracts based on the Shanghai Gold Benchmark Price. This creates the first yuan-denominated (CNY) gold derivative contract traded outside mainland China.
• Institutional Liquidity from Chinese State Banks: Agricultural Bank of China (ABC) acts as a market maker for Shanghai Gold Futures on DGCX, guaranteeing bid-ask liquidity for institutional Chinese traders.
• Dubai Good Delivery (DGD) Standard: Refineries and trading houses operating under DMCC can pursue DGD accreditation, the internationally recognized benchmark for gold purity (99.5% minimum) and responsible sourcing.

Through this infrastructure, Chinese bullion dealers hedge physical inventories in Chinese Yuan, store physical bullion in Dubai, and distribute refined bars throughout the Middle East, India, and Europe.

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2. Diamonds and Gemstones: Direct Links to Guangzhou and Shanghai

Dubai has become one of the world's top physical diamond trading hubs, with annual rough and polished diamond trade exceeding $38 billion.

DMCC provides Chinese diamond traders and jewelry manufacturers with direct market integration:

• Dubai Diamond Exchange (DDE): Located on the 2nd floor of Almas Tower, the DDE hosts the world's largest diamond tender floor, featuring 40 secure viewing rooms equipped with specialized daylight illumination.
• Kimberley Process Certification Scheme (KPCS): DMCC hosts the UAE KPCS office, issuing statutory certificates within hours to ensure all rough diamond imports and exports comply with United Nations mandates.
• Guangzhou Diamond Exchange (GZDE) Partnership: A strategic alliance linking over 1,500 Chinese jewelry firms in Guangzhou—China's jewelry manufacturing capital—directly with Dubai rough diamond suppliers.
• China Gems and Jade Exchange (CGJE) Integration: Facilitates transparent cross-border trade in high-grade jadeite, emeralds, rubies, and colored gemstones between mainland Chinese retailers and Middle Eastern gem houses.

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3. DMCC Tea Centre: The Global Re-Export Epicenter

The DMCC Tea Centre has transformed Dubai into the world's leading re-exporter of tea, processing more than 43,000 metric tonnes annually.

China is among the world's top producers of specialty teas (including oolong, pu-erh, and jasmine green teas), but Chinese exporters often struggle to access disparate Middle Eastern, African, and European distribution networks.

DMCC Tea Centre Processing Flow
 Chinese Tea Import (Bulk) ──> Climate-Controlled Storage ──> Professional Lab Tasting
      └──> Mechanical Blending & Cleaning ──> Packaging / Private Labeling ──> Global Re-Export

• Temperature-Controlled Warehousing: Maintains strict humidity and temperature parameters to prevent leaf degradation and mold growth during storage.
• Commercial Value-Add Facilities: Chinese exporters utilize automated blending, tea bag manufacturing, and localized packaging under private labels directly inside the bonded zone.
• Rapid Jebel Ali Port Access: Located just 15 minutes from Jebel Ali Port, tea shipments clear customs and re-export to Gulf and North African markets without attracting domestic customs tariffs.

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4. DMCC Coffee Centre: The $100 Million Yunnan Arabica Corridor

Opened to address burgeoning regional coffee consumption, the DMCC Coffee Centre provides 20,000 metric tonnes of annual green coffee handling capacity.

• Dedicated Yunnan Province Trade Corridor: DMCC established a formal multi-year trade pact with Yunnan State Farms Group and Mega Capital Halal to route high-grade Arabica coffee grown in Yunnan Province through Dubai.
• Specialty Coffee Association (SCA) Training Campus: Houses a certified quality-control laboratory, cupping rooms, and professional sample roasting facilities.
• Temperature-Regulated Green Coffee Storage: Preserves green beans at 18°C with 60% relative humidity, ensuring long-term crop freshness before export to European and GCC roasters.

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Infrastructure Comparison Matrix: DMCC Commodity Hubs

The following matrix contrasts operational capabilities across the primary commodity verticals at DMCC for 2026:

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Corporate Tax for Chinese Commodity Traders: 2026 FTA Standards

Under Federal Decree-Law No. 47 of 2022 on the Taxation of Corporations and Businesses, all UAE corporate entities must register with the Federal Tax Authority (FTA).

Outdated marketing claims stating DMCC offers a permanent "tax-free guarantee until 2053" are legally inaccurate under current federal legislation.

DMCC Commodity Trader Corporate Tax Flowchart
                      [DMCC Commodity Company]
                                 │
                   [Mandatory FTA Tax Registration]
                                 │
                 ┌───────────────┴───────────────┐
      [Qualifying Free Zone Person?]     [Non-Qualifying / Breach]
                 │                               │
        ┌────────┴────────┐                      ▼
        │ Meets Substance │              Standard 9% Tax
        │ & Audited IFRS  │              on All Net Profits
        └────────┬────────┘              (Above AED 375,000)
                 │
  ┌──────────────┴──────────────┐
  │ Physical Commodity Trading  │ ──> 0% Corporate Tax
  │ on Recognized Exchange      │     (Qualifying Income)
  ├─────────────────────────────┤
  │ Distribution in/from        │ ──> 0% Corporate Tax
  │ Designated Bonded Zone      │     (Qualifying Income)
  ├─────────────────────────────┤
  │ Sales to UAE Mainland       │ ──> 9% Tax (Must stay within
  │ Commercial Customers        │     De Minimis: ≤ 5% or AED 5M)
  └─────────────────────────────┘

Qualifying Free Zone Person (QFZP) Treatment for Commodity Traders

Under Cabinet Decision No. 100 of 2023 and Ministerial Decision No. 265 of 2023, a DMCC commodity business can secure a 0% Corporate Tax rate on Qualifying Income by satisfying specific statutory conditions:

1. Trading in Qualifying Commodities: Physical commodities traded on a recognized commodities market (such as DGCX) qualify for 0% corporate tax.
2. Distribution of Goods in or from a Designated Zone: Wholesale distribution of physical goods from a designated bonded free zone to non-UAE buyers or other free zone entities qualifies for the 0% rate.
3. Adequate Economic Substance: The company must maintain dedicated physical premises in DMCC, retain qualified full-time operational staff, and incur adequate operational expenses within Dubai.
4. De Minimis Threshold Compliance: Non-qualifying revenue (such as direct domestic retail or transactions with mainland individuals) must not exceed the lower of 5% of total revenue or AED 5,000,000. Exceeding this limit taints the entity, subjecting all profits to 9% tax for five consecutive tax periods.
5. Audited Financial Statements: The company must prepare annual audited accounts adhering to International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS).

Small Business Relief (SBR) Sunset Warning

Under Ministerial Decision No. 73 of 2023, businesses with annual gross revenues under AED 3,000,000 can elect for Small Business Relief.

However, this statutory relief provision sunsets permanently on December 31, 2026. Commodity trading enterprises operating on multi-million-dollar inventory turnover cannot rely on SBR and must structure for QFZP status from day one.

OECD Pillar Two: Large Chinese State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs)

For Chinese multinational enterprise groups with consolidated annual revenues exceeding EUR 750 million (AED 3.15 billion), the UAE has implemented the Domestic Minimum Top-up Tax (DMTT).

Large Chinese state-owned enterprises (such as Chinalco, Sinochem, or Minmetals) establishing regional procurement hubs in DMCC are subject to the 15% minimum corporate tax floor under Pillar Two rules.

Review your tax structure and transfer pricing obligations with our UAE Corporate Tax Advisory team.

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E-E-A-T & Practical Operational Realities: AML, KYC, and Banking

Setting up a trade license in DMCC is rapid; establishing a compliant, bankable trading house requires clearing strict regulatory hurdles.

Operational Launch & Compliance Sequence
 License Issued ──> goAML Registration ──> Consular Document Legalization
      └──> UAE Residency Visas ──> CIPS / Bank KYC Clearance ──> Dubai Customs (Mirsal II)

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DNFBP & Anti-Money Laundering (AML) Compliance for Precious Metals

Commodity trading in gold, silver, diamonds, and precious stones falls under the Designated Non-Financial Businesses and Professions (DNFBP) regulatory framework.

The UAE Ministry of Economy and the UAE Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU) enforce rigorous oversight:

• Mandatory goAML Portal Registration: Dealers in Precious Metals and Stones (DPMS) must register on the FIU goAML system within 30 days of license issuance. Failure to register triggers fines from AED 50,000 to AED 5,000,000.
• Appointment of an AML Compliance Officer: The enterprise must formally appoint a UAE-resident compliance officer responsible for transaction monitoring and Suspicious Transaction Report (STR) filings.
• Customer Due Diligence (CDD) and UBO Registers: In compliance with Cabinet Decision No. 109 of 2023, every DMCC firm must register its Real Beneficiary Register (RBR) and identify all ultimate owners holding 25% or more equity.
• Cash Transaction Thresholds: In the gold and diamond trade, all cash transactions equal to or exceeding AED 55,000 (or equivalent foreign currency) must be reported through the goAML Cash Transaction Report (CTR) portal.
• DMCC Responsible Sourcing Audits: Bullion trading members must submit annual independent supply chain audits aligned with OECD Due Diligence Guidance.

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Cross-Border RMB Settlement & Corporate Banking Mechanics

Securing corporate banking facilities is the primary operational bottleneck for Chinese traders entering the UAE.

UAE Tier-1 banks (including Emirates NBD, First Abu Dhabi Bank, and Mashreq) maintain strict compliance vetting for commodity accounts due to international sanction filters and anti-money laundering controls.

China-UAE Multi-Currency Banking Architecture
 ┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
 │            Chinese Parent Enterprise (Beijing/Shanghai)│
 └───────────────────────────┬────────────────────────────┘
                             │ CIPS / SWIFT Clearing
                             ▼
 ┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
 │   Chinese State Banks in Dubai (ICBC / BOC / ABC)      │
 │   • Direct CNY Clearing without USD FX conversions     │
 │   • Bilateral UAE-China Currency Swap Integration      │
 └───────────────────────────┬────────────────────────────┘
                             │ Multi-Currency Transfers
                             ▼
 ┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
 │   Local UAE Commercial Banks (Emirates NBD / FAB)      │
 │   • AED Operational Accounts & WPS Payroll             │
 │   • Letters of Credit (LC) & Trade Finance Facilities  │
 └────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

Overcoming Bank Compliance Rejections:

• Attestation of Chinese Parent Documents: Articles of Incorporation and Board Resolutions from China must be notarized in China, authenticated by the Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MOFA), and legalized by the UAE Embassy in Beijing or Shanghai.
• Proof of Trading Track Record: Banks require 6 to 12 months of parent company bank statements, audited financials, bill of lading samples, and supplier/buyer contracts.
• Direct RMB Clearing (CIPS): Chinese commodity traders in DMCC can open multi-currency corporate accounts with Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (ICBC Dubai), Bank of China (BOC Dubai), and Agricultural Bank of China (ABC Dubai). These institutions connect directly to China's Cross-Border Interbank Payment System (CIPS), eliminating US Dollar conversion fees and Western clearing delays.

Accelerate your account approval through our dedicated Corporate Bank Account Opening service.

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Physical Tenancy vs Flexi-Desk: Customs Code & Visa Quotas

Your DMCC lease configuration dictates your commercial trading authority and visa caps:

• Flexi-Desk / Business Centre Suites: Appropriate for pure brokerage, trade consulting, or holding operations. Provides 1 to 3 investor or employment visas.
• Physical Office & Dedicated Warehouse: Mandatory if your business imports, warehouses, or physically clears commodities. Physical square footage is required to obtain a Dubai Customs Code via the Mirsal II electronic system.
• Visa Quota Calculations: Dedicated offices in Jumeirah Lakes Towers (JLT) allocate approximately 1 visa per 9 square meters of leased space.

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Easy Setup China-UAE Corporate Desk

Navigating Chinese corporate document notarization, bilingual trade name reservations, and goAML compliance requires specialized expertise.

Our dedicated China Desk provides native Mandarin-speaking consultants, institutional banking introductions, and end-to-end DMCC licensing.

Schedule a Consultation with our China Desk Team

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Realistic Cost Breakdown: DMCC Commodity Trading Setup (2026)

DMCC represents a premium jurisdiction compared to Northern Emirates free zones. Securing a commodity trading license Dubai through DMCC provides unmatched commercial access to specialized physical vaults, automated grading facilities, and exchange liquidity.

The table below outlines realistic formation and operational costs for an initial commodity trading entity in 2026:

*Note: Currency conversions calculated at an illustrative rate of 1 AED = 1.95 CNY. Government fees and licensing surcharges vary depending on the exact combination of commodity trading codes and physical warehouse requirements.

If your business model requires local domestic distribution across retail markets in the UAE, explore our Mainland Company Formation pathways.

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Step-by-Step DMCC Setup Roadmap for Chinese Enterprises

Establishing a compliant commodity trading house follows a 6-stage operational roadmap:

DMCC Setup Roadmap
 ┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
 │ Step 1: Activity & Trade Name Pre-Clearance            │
 │ • Select specific commodity codes & submit name options│
 └───────────────────────────┬────────────────────────────┘
                             ▼
 ┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
 │ Step 2: Chinese Parent Document Attestation & KYC      │
 │ • Notarize corporate records; MOFA & UAE Embassy stamps│
 └───────────────────────────┬────────────────────────────┘
                             ▼
 ┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
 │ Step 3: Office Tenancy & Initial DMCC Approval         │
 │ • Secure Flexi-desk or dedicated JLT commercial lease  │
 └───────────────────────────┬────────────────────────────┘
                             ▼
 ┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
 │ Step 4: License Issuance & Customs Code Creation       │
 │ • Settle DMCC fees; issue Trade License & Mirsal II    │
 └───────────────────────────┬────────────────────────────┘
                             ▼
 ┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
 │ Step 5: Residency Visas & Medical Fitness Testing      │
 │ • Entry permit, VIP blood test/X-ray, Emirates ID      │
 └───────────────────────────┬────────────────────────────┘
                             ▼
 ┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
 │ Step 6: Multi-Currency Banking & goAML Compliance      │
 │ • Connect CIPS/local accounts; file FIU goAML profiles │
 └───────────────────────────┬────────────────────────────┘

Step 1: Activity Classification & Trade Name Pre-Clearance

Identify exact commercial activities from DMCC's activity list (e.g., Gold & Precious Metals Trading, Rough Diamond Trading, or Non-Manufactured Agricultural Products). Submit three bilingual trade name options. Foreign names must undergo approved Arabic transliteration on the DMCC registry.

Step 2: Chinese Documentation Attestation & KYC Submission

For corporate shareholders, compile the Chinese parent company's Business License, Articles of Association, and Board Resolution approving the Dubai subsidiary. All documents must be notarized in China, authenticated by the Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and legalized by the UAE Embassy in Beijing.

Step 3: Office Tenancy Selection & Initial Approval

Submit shareholder passport copies, UBO declarations, and business plans to DMCC authorities. Execute your tenancy contract—either a smart flexi-desk agreement or a commercial lease within JLT or the DMCC Tea/Coffee Centres.

Step 4: License Issuance & Dubai Customs Registration

Upon settlement of government vouchers, DMCC issues the official Commercial Trade License and Certificate of Formation. Immediately register the entity on the Dubai Customs Mirsal II platform to obtain your unique import/export customs code.

Step 5: Visa Processing & Emirates ID Stamping

Process investor and employee residency entry permits. Relocating Chinese personnel complete medical fitness screenings (blood test and chest X-ray) and biometrics capture in Dubai to receive their 2-year Emirates ID cards.

Step 6: Bank Account Onboarding & goAML DNFBP Filing

Present certified corporate packs, local Ejari/tenancy leases, and trade counterpart agreements to partner banks (ICBC, Bank of China, or UAE commercial institutions). For precious metals and gemstone dealers, finalize mandatory goAML registration with the Ministry of Economy within 30 days.

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Form Your DMCC Commodity Trading Venture with Easy Setup

Expanding your commodity business along the China-UAE trade corridor requires a partner with deep local regulatory acumen and native cross-border capabilities.

Easy Setup delivers complete company formation, institutional banking introductions, and regulatory compliance for Chinese enterprises entering Dubai.

Why Chinese Traders Partner with Easy Setup:

• Dedicated Mandarin-Speaking Advisory Desk: Direct communication without language barriers, handling all document translations and government interactions.
• Specialized Commodity & goAML Expertise: Comprehensive structuring for precious metals, diamonds, and agricultural traders, ensuring full DNFBP and OECD sourcing compliance.
• Institutional Corporate Banking Approvals: Strong relationships with Chinese state lenders (ICBC, BOC, ABC) and UAE Tier-1 banks to secure multi-currency accounts with CIPS functionality.
• Transparent Corporate Tax Guidance: Structuring your operations to protect Qualifying Free Zone Person (QFZP) status and maintain 0% tax treatment on eligible commodity trades.

Contact Our Structuring Specialists

Launch your Dubai commodity trading hub with complete regulatory assurance.

• Office: Ras Al Khaimah & Dubai, United Arab Emirates
• Direct Inquiries: Contact Easy Setup Online
• Direct Consultation & WhatsApp Support: Available 7 days a week via our secure booking portal

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Frequently Asked Questions

Can a Chinese commodity company trade gold in Dubai without paying UAE Corporate Tax?

Under UAE Corporate Tax Law (Cabinet Decision No. 100 of 2023), a DMCC entity can benefit from a 0% corporate tax rate as a Qualifying Free Zone Person (QFZP) if it trades qualifying physical commodities on a recognized commodities exchange such as the Dubai Gold and Commodities Exchange (DGCX), or wholesales commodities internationally from a designated customs bonded zone. However, if gold is sold directly into the local mainland retail market, those profits are subject to the standard 9% corporate tax rate. If non-qualifying income exceeds the de minimis threshold (the lower of 5% of total revenue or AED 5,000,000), the entity forfeits its QFZP status for five years.

What are the mandatory anti-money laundering (AML) requirements for DMCC gold and diamond traders?

Precious metals and diamond dealers operate as Designated Non-Financial Businesses and Professions (DNFBPs). Under UAE federal anti-money laundering regulations, licensed entities must register on the Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU) goAML portal within 30 days of licensing, appoint a UAE-resident AML Compliance Officer, maintain a verified Ultimate Beneficial Owner (UBO) register, screen clients against UN and UAE sanction databases, conduct thorough Customer Due Diligence (CDD), and report any cash transactions equal to or exceeding AED 55,000. Failure to comply leads to severe Ministry of Economy penalties ranging from AED 50,000 to AED 5,000,000.

Can Chinese companies open corporate bank accounts in Chinese Yuan (CNY) in Dubai?

Yes. Chinese enterprises operating in DMCC can open multi-currency corporate bank accounts that include Chinese Yuan (CNY), UAE Dirhams (AED), US Dollars (USD), and Euros (EUR). Chinese state banks with branches in Dubai—including Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (ICBC), Bank of China (BOC), and Agricultural Bank of China (ABC)—are connected directly to China's Cross-Border Interbank Payment System (CIPS). This allows Chinese traders to execute cross-border settlements directly in Yuan, bypassing currency conversion fees and Western clearing delays.

What is the difference between a DMCC Flexi-Desk and a physical office for commodity traders?

A DMCC Flexi-Desk provides a shared workstation suitable for trade brokerage, consultancy, or management activities and typically supports an allocation of 1 to 3 employee residency visas. However, a Flexi-Desk does not permit physical storage or direct customs clearance of physical goods. Commodity traders who intend to store physical inventory, process bulk agricultural goods, or import physical shipments must lease dedicated commercial office space or warehouse facilities within JLT or the DMCC Tea and Coffee Centres, which allows them to obtain an active Dubai Customs Code (Mirsal II).

What documents must a Chinese parent corporation provide to open a DMCC subsidiary?

A Chinese corporate parent must provide its Certificate of Incorporation / Business License, Articles of Association, a formal Board Resolution approving the DMCC subsidiary and appointing legal managers, a Power of Attorney, and passport copies of all directors and Ultimate Beneficial Owners (UBOs). Crucially, all Chinese corporate documents must be notarized in mainland China, authenticated by the Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MOFA), and legalized by the UAE Embassy in Beijing or the UAE Consulate in Shanghai before submission to DMCC authorities.